When we talk about word cancer it is a uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells in the body and it can spread to the other parts of the body too. But if the tumor is benign it will not spread. Lung cancer take place at lungs and damages the organ badly one can hardly survive with it. Our lungs consist of a pair of spongy organs in our chest which help us to inhale oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide during breathing. Death cause is increasing throughout the world due to this deadlier disease called lung cancer. Lung cancer can take place in people who don’t smoke but the ratio is higher in those who do smoking. More number of cigarettes you smoked the risk of lung cancer will also increase directly with the passage of time. One can reduce the risk of expanding lung cancer and its severity by quit smoking. Sign and symptoms of lung cancer: At the early stages of lung cancer no sign and symptoms will appear but with the passage of time symptoms do appear due to development and severity of lung cancer. Symptoms that are mainly associated with lung cancer are: Long lasting cough that gets worse with the passage of time. Chest infections that will appear on and off Persistent cough that continue 2 or 3 weeks almost One will have cough with blood...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder It is a mental disorder which affect in controlling impulsive behavior and difficulty in paying attention. ADHD is most common in Childhood and this is the neurodevelopmental disorder in children that lead to adulthood. Patient suffering from ADHD face trouble in focusing a single task that is given to them or they become still while sitting for longer period of time. People with ADHD don’t have self control and this might affect any child at any time while he is at home, or at school and even in friendships while playing in the playground.What is ADHD? According to research it is identified that about 8.4% children are suffering from ADHD and about 2.5% adults are identified with ADHD. And this disorder is more common in boys as compare to girls.   What are the symptoms of ADHD? Symptoms associated with ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) are very wide, plus they differ from person to person and subtype. Some of the symptoms are as follows: People with ADHD have difficulty in focusing as they fail to co concentrate on a single task. They forgot the task they left uncompleted They are easily distracted in conversations. They have difficulty in sitting still People with ADHD may interrupt other people while they are talking. They are hyperactive which can be verbal , physical or emotional They seems to...

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction: It is is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by constant high blood glucose levels otherwise known as blood sugar resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetes and its types: Diabetes can be majorly classified into two basic categories type 1 and type 2 diabetes both of which are caused by malfunctions in the hormone insulin. Our body has the capability to break down carbohydrates into glucose and thus produce a specific type of hormone called insulin. The main function of this hormone is to inform the body cells to absorb glocuse coming from the blood stream. In most of the cases of type 1 diabetes, this occurs when there is not enough insulin in the body to perform this function. Whereas, in the case of type 2, this happens when our body stops responding to insulin, either because accumulation of sugar in blood or for any other reason. Most people are now being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and there are some of the things you need to know to live a healthy lifestyle. Type 2 diabetes causes: As mentioned previously type 2 diabetes is caused when the body is not able to effectively use insulin to bring back glucose into the body cells resulting in the development of insulin resistance. This results in increased demand for insulin in insulin target...

Dental Implants: Introduction: A dental implant is a device inserted into or on the jaw bone to anchor an artificial tooth or denture (prosthesis) which relies on integration with natural bone/tissues for retention and sustainability. Generally Accepted Implant Success Criteria: The individual unattached implant is immobile when tested clinically with no evidence of peri-implant radiolucency is present, as assessed on an undistorted radiograph. The mean vertical bone loss is less than 0.2 mm annually after the first year of service. No persistent pain, discomfort, or infection is attributable to the implant. The implant design does not preclude the placement of a crown or prosthesis with an appearance that is satisfactory to the patient and the dentist. Osseointegration: One of the implants phenomena is known as osseointegration  which is defined as: “A direct connection between living bone and loadbearing endosseous implant at the light microscopic level” Factors necessary for a successful osseointegrated bone-to-implant interface: Some of the important factors included are a biocompatible material (titanium and certain calcium-phosphate ceramics), an implant precisely adapted to the prepared bony site, a traumatic surgery to minimize tissue damage, and an immobile, undisturbed healing phase (precision of site preparation, bone quality, and quantity in the vertical and buccal-lingual dimensions). Soft tissue to implant interface: An unbroken, per mucosal seal between the soft tissue and the implant abutment surface and epithelial cells attach to the...

Asthma Asthma is a common inflammatory condition of the lower respiratory system. It is a reversible, obstructive, inflammatory disease of the lower airways that is characterized by cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath. It is quite similar to the lung diseases involving obstruction. The only difference is that when there is an obstruction, patients have difficulty in exhaling and they can inhale normally, this is because the lower airways become narrow and the bronchioles lose elasticity leading to the trapping of air in lungs. The amount of the exchange of air becomes limited as a result thus decreasing oxygenation. Types of Asthma Allergic Asthma – this type of asthma is triggered by certain allergens like pollens, mold, dust, food or pet dander. This is usually seasonal. Non-allergic Asthma – this type is usually related with the irritants that are not allergens. These include dust, burning wood, smoke, air fresheners and perfumes. Occupational Asthma – this occurs in people working in places like industries or factories. This asthma may be induced by gases, fumes, chemicals etc. Exercise-induced Asthma – this type occurs due to the bronchoconstriction within 10 to 15 minutes of exercise. Nocturnal Asthma – this asthma is related to the sleep cycle of the body. It usually occurs at night. Aspirin-induced Asthma – it is induced by aspirin or other NSAIDs and its symptoms may begin within minutes...

Introduction: “A bio-compatible alloplastic material or device that is surgically placed into orofacial tissues and used for anchorage, functional, therapeutic, and/or esthetic purpose” Types of Implants: There are three types of implants mentioned below: ENDOSTEAL: Placed within the alveolar bone of the jaw. SUBPERIOSTEAL: Placed Under the gum but on, or above the jaw bone. TRANSOSTEAL: implant placed through the jaw bone. Other classification: Implants are further classified based on integration mechanism that is osteointegration or fiber integration, macroscopic body design that is a cylinder, threaded, plateau, perforated, solid, hollow, the surface of the implant that is smooth, machined, textured, coated material of Implant which can be Metallic, Ceramic and a lot more different types. Treatment planning: Patient’s biography, chief complaint, emotional and psychological health whether the patient will be able to undergo all the procedures required for implant placement, past medical, surgical and drug history, determination of patient’s expectations and concerns, past dental experiences and financial considerations are the factors which should be kept in mind while planning implant treatment of any patient. Clinical examination: There are various methods of clinical examination of the implant patient. Meticulous clinical examination includes extraoral facial symmetry, facial profile, lip competence, or any tenderness over the sinus and Temporomandibular joint. Intraorally, interincisal distance, missing dentition, periodontal Health (including grading of periodontal disease, gum recession, and amount of keratinized attached gingiva available),  occlusion...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a lung disease that is characterized by a persistent reduction of airflow. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an umbrella term used to describe progressive lung diseases including: Emphysema – a condition which damages the air sacs of lungs and reduce the elasticity of the lungs. This results in decreased lung efficiency. Chronic bronchitis – a condition in which the lining of airways become inflamed and increases the mucus production. Persistent bronchitis becomes chronic and does not respond to treatment. About 6.4% people in the United States are diagnosed with COPD. It is a life threatening disease and it is under diagnosed due which it is increasing day by day. Causes The biggest cause of COPD in most developed countries like United States is cigarette smoking. It has been observed that about 90% of COPD patients are smokers or former smokers. Risk Factors Other than smoking there are some other risk factors that can cause COPD, these include: Indoor air pollution such as solid fuel used for cooking and heating Outdoor air pollution Occupational dusts and chemicals (such as vapors, irritants, and fumes) Family history of COPD Genetic factors The frequent attacks of respiratory infection in childhood are also a cause of COPD. Symptoms The most common symptoms of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disorder are: Chronic cough, Breathlessness, Sputum...

What is cholesterol? Cholesterol is a lipid (fat-like substance) naturally produced by your liver. It is essential for the production of certain hormones, vitamin D and cell membranes. It is not water soluble and can’t travel through blood. Your body uses lipoproteins to transfer cholesterol. There are two types of cholesterol LDL – cholesterol carried by low-density lipoproteins. HDL – cholesterol carried by high-density lipoproteins. If the level of LDL cholesterol becomes high in your blood it is considered as high cholesterol. If not treated, high cholesterol can lead to many health problems, including heart attack or stroke. LDL cholesterol LDL lipoproteins are also called as bad cholesterol as these carry your cholesterol to arteries and this builds up on their walls leading to plaque formation. This results in blocking the arteries and getting you at a risk of having a heart attack or stroke. According to CDC, more than one-third of the American adults have elevated levels of LDL cholesterol. HDL cholesterol HDL lipoproteins are also called good cholesterol as it helps return the LDL cholesterol back to your liver so that it can be removed from your body, thus preventing the formation of plaque and protecting you from the risk of heart diseases. Healthy levels of HDL are good for your body as they defend you from high cholesterol levels and risk of blood clots or stroke. Triglycerides Another type...

Blood pressure is the measure of how much blood is passing through the blood vessels and the resistance to its flow. High blood pressure also called hypertension occurs when blood pressure reaches to unhealthy levels. The resistance to blood flow increases due to narrow arteries and the blood pressure becomes high. This could also result in heart diseases. Hypertension is a common disease and it develops over several years. It is also considered as a silent killer because most people do not notice its symptoms. Nearly half of the American adults are affected by this disease. High blood pressure can not only affect your heart but also brain, heart, eyes, and kidneys. What causes high blood pressure? There are two types of hypertension. Each type has a different cause. Primary hypertension – also called essential hypertension. There is no identifiable cause of this kind of hypertension. This may be caused by some of the factors stated below: Genes – you might be genetically predisposed to high blood pressure. Various people have gene mutations that are inherited from parents. Physical changes – changes like aging can upset your natural body balance of fluids and salts leading to problems like high blood pressure. Environment – Poor diet, weight problems or lack of physical activity can increase your risk of getting high blood pressure. Secondary hypertension This type of hypertension is usually...